Classroom Management - 3057 Words

Classroom Management Theorists and Theories/Burrhus Frederic Skinner lt; Classroom Management Theorists and Theories Contents 1 Overview of Skinners Theories of Classroom Management 2 Implementation of Skinners Theories 3 Critique of Skinners Theories 4 Questions for Consideration 5 References Overview of Skinners Theories of Classroom Management[edit] The Theory Skinner believed that the goal of psychology should be practical (Lieberman, 2000). As it relates to education, Skinner believed the goal of psychology should be to find ways to make education enjoyable and effective for all students. His learning theory relied on the assumption that the best way to modify behavior was to modify the environment. Skinner was a†¦show more content†¦A primary conclusion from both of these hypotheses is that teachers looking to find a highly salient reinforcer should look for activities that students prefer to do in their free time (i.e. highly-probable behavior). Skinner also developed the concept of the â€Å"reinforcement schedule†. Reinforcement schedules are divided into two categories: a) continuous reinforcement schedules (CRF), in which every desired behavior is reinforced every time it occurs, and b) partial reinforcement schedules in which behaviors are reinforced based on ratios (reinforced after so many occurrences) or intervals (a reinforcement delivered after a certain time interval). Partial reinforcement schedules may be fixed (i.e. a reinforcement after 3 behavioral occurrences [fixed ratio] or a reinforcement after 3 minutes [fixed interval]), or variable (i.e. the ratio or interval at which reinforcement is given is random, but averages to a specific amount). It has been found that variable partial reinforcement schedules are more effective in improving the frequency of an operant behavior and in limiting its extinction when reinforcement is no longer delivered. The later effect is particularly true when compared to c ontinuous reinforcement schedules. This finding suggests that teachers using reinforcements in their classroom suggests that teachers using reinforcements in their classroom should be cautious of seeking to rewardShow MoreRelatedA Reflection On Classroom Management1704 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents and 36% female students. No inclusion students or aides were present in these classes. I. Classroom Management Classroom management is defined as the â€Å"techniques used to maintain a healthy living environment, relatively free of behavior problems† (Woolfolk). Classroom management is a combination of four areas: seatwork, organization, withitness and assignments. Seatwork in classroom management involves making sure that the work given to students will keep them interested and on task. OrganizationRead MoreEvaluation Of A Classroom Management845 Words   |  4 PagesClassroom management is a set of methods and skills used by educators to assist students in being more organized, alert, thoughtful, disciplined as well as being more academically productive. Classroom management when used correctly and effectively can help teachers maintain and control behaviors that may hinder learning for the class or a particular student, while at the same time maximizing behaviors that enhance learning for the students (Classroom Management, 2014). A practice that can contributeRead MoreClassroom Theory : Classroom Management Philosophy1351 Words   |  6 PagesToni Bentley Classroom Management Classroom Management Philosophy My Classroom Management Philosophy I believe that a well managed classroom provides safety, education and respect and fosters an environment of team work and empathy. In order to support and encourage learning in a classroom environment, students should feel comfortable and safe both physically and emotionally. Behavior, character, independence, attitudes, and academics are all learned in a classroom. They shouldRead MoreEssay about Classroom Management2051 Words   |  9 PagesWong defined classroom management as, â€Å"the practises and procedures that allow teachers to teach and students to learn† (Starr, 2005). Harry K. Wong also describes that classroom managements is something that refers to all of the necessary things that a teacher does to organize students, space, time, and materials so that learning can occur efficiently. This management includes fostering students’ full participation, plus their overall commitment and contribution in the productive classroom activitiesRead MoreReflection O n Classroom Management1181 Words   |  5 PagesThis assignment asks for â€Å"one particular memorable classroom or school situation when you were a student that if you had been the teacher, you would have handled differently. As the teacher in that setting, how would you have brought resolution to the conflict?† I decided to approach this assignment with some liberties of a self-reflection of my own personal classroom management as a substitute teacher this previous Tuesday, October 31, 2017, in singular 9th grade Algebra class in which authorityRead MoreData Analysis And Results Of Classroom Management1463 Words   |  6 Pages o Classroom management: All 3 correlated o Use of formative assessment was found to help student’s engagement throughout. o Classroom management was a common theme among my data as well that showed being better able to pace lessons. Triangulation: Both my Critical friend and journaling collection tools agreed that classroom management has a big impact on how lessons and activity pacing will go. My own journaling indicated a numerous amount of times that my teachers classroom management helpedRead MoreEssay on Philosophy of Classroom Management2662 Words   |  11 Pages Philosophy of Classroom Management Being a male going into the elementary school education profession, I feel that I can be a postitive male role model for students who might lack that kind of male role model leadership needs. One of the first things that I will convey to my students is my philosophy on classroom management. My philosophy can be summed up in just two words: RESPECT and LEADERSHIP. Respect ï ¿ ¼ Just as the picture describes , in order for me to receive respect ; I must first deliverRead MoreLearning Methods For Successful Classroom Management Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagesmethods I might use for good classroom management This paper sheds light on some dynamic learning methods for successful classroom management. The classroom management had the largest effect on students’ achievement. This means students cannot learn in poorly managed classrooms. Some studies shows the importance of classroom managements of there being building a relationship between teachers and students. Teachers should take into their consideration classroom management and student achievement areRead MoreClassroom Management Plan For Students1095 Words   |  5 PagesClassroom Management Plan Part One There are 22 students in my second grade class. Of the 22 students, 11 are male and 11 are female. The demographics of the classroom are as follows: African American (9) 41%, Caucasian (8) 36%, Hispanic (2) 9%, Asian (2) 9%, and Multi-Racial (1) 4.5%. Two students come from families that receive an income below the poverty line. Every student in the class speaks English and there are two children with disabilities. One student has a 504 plan for ADHD and the otherRead MoreClassroom Management Essay examples1479 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause they feel it is what is expected of them, and others go because they feel they have no other choice. No matter the reason, there always seems to be a problem in the classroom; the teacher will be lecturing while only a few students are responding. In Nunns (1996) observational study of participation in college classrooms, on average less than 6 percent of class time involved student interaction. Thats three minutes of student talk per 50 minutes of class time. (Tomorrows Professor, 2006)

Thor vs. Hercules Which One Is the Best Hero Essay

All cultures have heroes and heroines who are present in a variety of myths and legends. But what exactly does it take to be a hero? A hero is a person of distinguished courage or ability, admired for his or her brave deeds and noble qualities. Thor and Hercules are both perfect examples of heroes. Both heroes are from completely different cultures. Thor is from Norse mythology and Hercules is from Greek mythology. Despite their different cultures, they share many similarities. Although Hercules is from Greek mythology and Thor is from Norse mythology, the two heroes have many legends about their lives that make them heroic, reveal their culture, and exhibit similar archetypal elements. Hercules led a very different childhood from the very†¦show more content†¦One day Hera, still wanting to wreak havoc upon Hercules’ life, influenced Hercules to kill his own wife and children. When Hercules came to his senses and realized what he had done, he was overcome with grief. He immediately went to the oracle at Delphi and asked how he could cleanse himself of his sins. The Oracle replied, â€Å"You must go to Mycenae and serve King Eurystheus for twelve years. Only by doing this will you ever be free of your pain and guilt† (Richardson and Baxter 10). When Hercules went to Eurystheus, the king eagerly started to think of twelve labors for Hercules. What Hercules didn’t know was that Hera was influencing the king to think of tasks that seemed to be impossible. However, no matter what task Hercules had to complete, he always came back with the task completed. After twelve years and twelve labors, he was finally released. Hercules’ went on to live a life full of adventures, and he even remarried to a woman named Deineira. Deineira became very jealous when Hercules took King Eurystheus’ daughter Lole prisoner for vengeance. She feared Hercules was being unfaithful to her, and wanted to make sure she was the only woman he loved. She took the blood of a centaur (that she was tricked into thinking would make Hercules love her forever) and smeared it on his robe, but it turned out to be poison. Hercules began to die when he put the robe on, but it ended up only killing the mortal part of him. Hera decided to end her

Health Sciences Statistical Estimation Reveals

Question: Discuss about the Health Sciences of Statistical Estimation Reveals. Answer: Introduction: Alcohol is the second largest contributor to drug based addiction after tobacco in Australia. It causes effects in both short and as well as in the long term. This issue is significant and needs to be addressed because "alcohol-related harm" is vital cause of morbidity and mortality in Australia. In between 2004 to 2005 the annual cost of the alcohol-related Australian community, social problems was estimated at $15.3 billion. The harms that can be brought about by consumption of alcohol are accidents, physical harms, injuries and detrimental effects on an individuals body (Moodie et al., 2013). The cause of the rate of elevation of this addiction is due to certain advertisements. These promotional advertisements are related to alcohol should be abolished as it is increasing the children's interest in the drug. Statistical estimation reveals that one out of three young individuals with the age between twelve to sixteen are engaged in binge drinking and a similar fraction of the young individuals aged sixteen to twenty one were engaged in hazardous drinking. There are several determinants that contribute to the alcohol abuse in the youth of Australia. The most significant determinants of alcohol are the social and the economic factors (Moodie et al., 2013). Implications of the interest group: According to Toumbourou et al. (2014), the data recorded through survey twenty percentages of the young ones above the age of twenty five have developed the habit of hazardous drinking. This problem has lead to the death of three thousand young individuals, and sixty five thousand were hospitalized every year. According to various statistics, the teenagers between the age of twelve to sixteen in Australia have developed this addiction and the young ones between the age of sixteen to twenty are engaged in hazardous drinking. For example, the advertisement policies developed by the Australian Communication and Media Authority (Hildebrand et al., 2013). Alcohol consumption is related to a wide variety of physical, mental and also social harms.The related health impacts of alcohol are quite severe. Some of the affects are a cardiovascular disease such as high blood pressure, shortness of breath, cardiac failure, etc., alcohol being carcinogenic can cause liver, colorectum, pharynx, larynx, etc. cancer. Moreover, consumption of alcohol may lead to diabetes, liver diseases such as cirrhosis, mental problems ch as depression, anxiety, etc. and also causes negative structural and metabolic changes in the brain (Toumbourou et al., 2014).In terms of the economic impacts of the alcohol consumption, the teenagers or young individual's addiction might lead to a shortage of money due to high expenditure on the related drug. These also elevate the medical and legal expenses. As stated by Chan et al. (2016), Social impacts of alcohol involve violence, crime, aggression, emotional disturbance, etc. Teenagers generally remain emotionally disturbed after alcohol consumption due to unacceptable social circumstances and no support from the family and peers.He risks factor associated with alcohol consumption is the result of a broad range of health, social, economic harms. The risk factors of alcohol consumption involve road accidents, domestic violence, public violence, crime, brain damage, liver disease, wider social dysfunction and family breakdown (Lam et al., 2015). Key message: The Australian National Alcohol Campaign was designed with a key tagline Dont turn a night out into a nightmare. This campaign was structured in order to restrict the alcohol sponsorship of sport-related organization and prohibition of the alcohol linked advertisement during any sports events. Moreover, the campaign also aimed to promote teenagers and young individuals to give a thought of their choices about consumption of alcohol, and especially the probable negative consequences of unwarranted alcohol consumption. As discussed by Howard, et al. (2014), disproportionate drinking can direct to severe alcohol linked harm. The consequences of drinking may include health tribulations, violence, injury and social problems. The social problems involve the breakdown of relationships. The specific, campaign messages include: Sports organizations - The sport has been regarded to be one of the primary, modes of the advertising of alcohol and drinking to the wide-ranging population.Alcohol good sponsorship of sporting organizations, events, and teams can be looked from an ethical outlook.The involvement of alcohol goods with sports and sportsperson can have an effect on the community perceptions and individual actions.Policies that give access to the promotion of the alcohol brand such as "Loi Evin, it should be limited to messages and images which refer to the features of the product, for example, strength, origin, composition, etc. Moreover, the channels of promotion should be limited.Adoption of policies of the organizations such as "Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance,"Alcohol Policy Coalition," etc. by the Australian sports industry can promote health.Teenagers aged 15-17 years and young adults aged 18-25 years -Avoiding drinking to intoxication can have a range of social and health benefits (Rowland et al. (2014) . Target audience: The primary target audience According to Livingston (2014), the Australian government bodies use a series of actions to reduce alcohol-related damage in the society, involving taxation, putting restrictions on the epoch and location from where alcohol could be purchased, amendable promotion and marketing, imparting education and knowledge, and supporting medical treatment programs. The secondary target audience The sportsperson and the alcohol industry are the two entities that have the power to revolutionize and bring changes. The sportsman can reject the alcohol related advertisement and promote the policies and marketing of consequences of consumption of alcohol. The alcohol business also supports a variety of harm reduction initiatives. The community-level institutions or organizations play a significant part in delivering community awareness campaigns, and researchers learn harm minimization strategies. Some of the approaches taken by the community-based organizations are "liquor accords," dry zones," etc. to reduce the marketing of alcohol (Hildebrand et al. 2013).The message is targeted mainly for the stakeholders such as the policy makers, practitioners, etc. who can be about changes or modifications in the policies to reduce the alcohol consumption risk in the teenagers and the young adults of Australia. Methods of Communication: The mode of communication of the campaign would be television to have a broader effect on the government and other administrative bodies. Generally, television is an excellent medium for giving short, straightforward messages, evoking poignant reactions. Radio shares similar advantages like television and it is less expensive. This allows larger repetition of the communications. The print media are less capable to command concentration than the broadcast media, but this can be used to reach barely defined target crowd, particularly policy-makers and society opinion leaders. The Internet is becoming one more consequential medium for community service campaigns, in particular for teenagers and the youth (Jones Gordon, 2013).The method of communication to the government would be firstly through television. Once the message is being recognized by the government, the implementations or recommendations for the policy changes could be done through formal report addressed to the government. Even the mode of communication to the policy makers and sports organizations would be a formal report where request for changes such as excise taxes," Citizen action to decrease marketable and social accessibility of alcohol and minimum legal drinking age of twenty one would be recommended (Rowland et al. (2014). As discussed by Rowland et al. (2014), other strategies to each the youth would be conduct survey and through questionnaires the reason and rate of individual victimized could be counted, and information could be gathered to bring about further change in the present scenario of Australia. Moreover, youth leadership should be promoted. References: Chan, G. C., Kelly, A. B., Connor, J. P., Hall, W. D., Young, R. M., Williams, J. W. (2016). Does parental monitoring and disapproval explain variations in alcohol use among adolescents from different countries of birth?. Drug and alcohol review.Hildebrand, J., Maycock, B., Howat, P., Burns, S., Allsop, S., Dhaliwal, S., Lobo, R. (2013). Investigation of alcohol-related social norms among youth aged 1417 years in Perth, Western Australia: protocol for a respondent-driven sampling study. BMJ open, 3(10), e003870.Hildebrand, J., Maycock, B., Howat, P., Burns, S., Allsop, S., Dhaliwal, S., Lobo, R. (2013). Investigation of alcohol-related social norms among youth aged 1417 years in Perth, Western Australia: protocol for a respondent-driven sampling study. BMJ open, 3(10), e003870.Howard, S. J., Gordon, R., Jones, S. C. (2014). Australian alcohol policy 20012013 and implications for public health. BMC public health, 14(1), 1.Jones, S. C., Gordon, R. (2013). Regulation of alcohol adv ertising: policy options for Australia.Lam, T., Lenton, S. R., Burns, L., Aiken, A., Ogeil, R., Gilmore, W. T., ... Allsop, S. J. (2015). Alcohol policy impact on young risky drinkers and their support for proposed measures. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 39(2), 129-134.Livingston, M. (2014). Trends in nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ drinking among Australian adolescents.Addiction, 109(6), 922-929.Moodie, R., Stuckler, D., Monteiro, C., Sheron, N., Neal, B., Thamarangsi, T., ... Lancet NCD Action Group. (2013). Profits and pandemics: prevention of harmful effects of tobacco, alcohol, and ultra-processed food and drink industries. The Lancet, 381(9867), 670-679.Rowland, B., Toumbourou, J. W., Satyen, L., Tooley, G., Hall, J., Livingston, M., Williams, J. (2014). Associations between alcohol outlet densities and adolescent alcohol consumption: A study in Australian students. Addictive behaviors, 39(1), 282-288.Toumbourou, J. W., Evansà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Whipp, T. J., Smith, R., Hemphill, S. A., Herrenkohl, T. I., Catalano, R. F. (2014). Adolescent predictors and environmental correlates of young adult alcohol use problems. Addiction,109(3), 417-424.